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Data Caselets: Theory and solved examples

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DIRECTIONS for questions 1to 4: Study the following information carefully and answer the questions given below.
During the period 1990-91 to 1994-95, the unit sales of Motorcycles witnessed a simple average growth rate of 4.5% and the unit price experienced a simple average growth rate of 4.1%. In the year 1990-91 & 1992-93, the selling price of motorcycle was Rs. 50,000. The unit selling price rose by Rs. 2500 each in the years 1991-92 and 1994-95. Between 1990-91 and 1992-93, unit sales increased by 15.5%. In 1992-93, approx 2888 units and in 1993-94, 3000 units were sold. In 1991-92, the sales increased by Rs. 1.281 crore and number of units sold increased by 125.
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  1. The rupee sales of the motorcycles in 1990-91 is
    1. Rs. 18.0 crore
    2. Rs. 12.5 crore
    3. Rs. 13.5 crore
    4. Rs. 10.0 crore
    Solution:
    TABLE 1
    YEAR 90-91 91-92 92-93 93-94 94-95
    UNITS SOLD X X+125 2888 3000 1.225X
    PRICE / UNIT 50000 52500 50000 57750 60250
    TOTAL SALES          
    YEAR 90-91 91-92 92-93 93-94 94-95
    UNITS SOLD 2500 2625 2888 3000 3063
    PRICE / UNIT 50000 52500 50000 57750 60250
    TOTAL SALES 12.5 Crore 13.78 crore 14.44 crore 17.32 crore 18.45 Crore
    The 12.5 crores rupees sales of the motorcycles in 1990-91.
  2. How many motorcycles were sold in 1991-92?
    1. 2500
    2. 2625
    3. 3050
    4. 4000
    Solution:
    TABLE 1
    YEAR 90-91 91-92 92-93 93-94 94-95
    UNITS SOLD X X+125 2888 3000 1.225X
    PRICE / UNIT 50000 52500 50000 57750 60250
    TOTAL SALES          
    YEAR 90-91 91-92 92-93 93-94 94-95
    UNITS SOLD 2500 2625 2888 3000 3063
    PRICE/UNIT 50000 52500 50000 57750 60250
    TOTAL SALES 12.5 Crore 13.78 crore 14.44 crore 17.32 crore 18.45 Crore
    2,500 motorcycles sold in 1990-91.
    ∴ 2,500 + 125 = 2,625 motorcycles are sold in 1991-92. (No. of motorcycles sold increased by 125 in 1991-92).
    ∴ Answer is (2).
  3. How many motorcycles were sold during the period 1990-91 to 1994-95?
    1. 15025
    2. 14005
    3. 14076
    4. 15000
    Solution:
    TABLE 1
    YEAR 90-91 91-92 92-93 93-94 94-95
    UNITS SOLD X X+125 2888 3000 1.225X
    PRICE / UNIT 50000 52500 50000 57750 60250
    TOTAL SALES          
    YEAR 90-91 91-92 92-93 93-94 94-95
    UNITS SOLD 2500 2625 2888 3000 3063
    PRICE/ UNIT 50000 52500 50000 57750 60250
    TOTAL SALES 12.5 Crore 13.78 crore 14.44 crore 17.32 crore 18.45 Crore
    Number of motorcycles sold
    = 2,500 +2,625 + 2,888 + 3,000 + 3063 = 14,076
    ∴ option (3).
  4. What is the selling price of a motorcycle in 1993-94?
    1. Rs. 50,000
    2. Rs. 52,500
    3. Rs. 57,750
    4. Rs. 60,000
    Solution:
    TABLE 1
    YEAR 90-91 91-92 92-93 93-94 94-95
    UNITS SOLD X X+125 2888 3000 1.225X
    PRICE / UNIT 50000 52500 50000 57750 60250
    TOTAL SALES          
    YEAR 90-91 91-92 92-93 93-94 94-95
    UNITS SOLD 2500 2625 2888 3000 3063
    PRICE/UNIT 50000 52500 50000 57750 60250
    TOTAL SALES 12.5 crore 13.78 crore 14.44 crore 17.32 crore 18.45 crore
    Similarly price in 1993-94 = Rs. 57,750
    ∴ Answer is (3).
DIRECTIONS For questions 5 to 8: Read the following information to answer the questions that follow.
Mlon husk,the space Y inventor took his team of scientist to newly found planet”Euro Chand”. The team agreed on the condition that they will not do any research during their visit but will only do rest. But, Husk as per his nature observed various phenomenons on new planet, including the gravitational pull. He observed that a kg. on earth is equivalent to 12 kg on Euro chand, except kg on new planet is called Euroc. Slen weighs 552 Euronc,weighs heavier than all  except Plen,who weighs 108 Euronc more. Olen, the lightest, weighs 252 Euronc less than Dlen. Jlen weighs 48 Euronc less than Slen and 48 Euronc more than Dlen.
  1. What is the weight of Plen (in Kg)?
    1.55
    2.46
    3.17
    4.48
    Solution:
      Kg Euronc
    Jlen 42 504
    Dlen 38 456
    Plen 55 660
    Slen 46 552
    Olen 17 204
    As shown above the weight of Plen is 55Kg.
  2. What is the weight of Olen (in Euronc )?
    1.505
    2.246
    3.218
    4.204
    Solution:
      Kg Euronc
    Jlen 42 504
    Dlen 38 456
    Plen 55 660
    Slen 46 552
    Olen 17 204
    As shown above the weight of Olen is 204 Euronc
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  3. Approximately how many times is the weight of Plen that of Dlen?
    1.1.45
    2.1.07
    3.2.18
    4.2.14
    Solution:
      Kg Euronc
    Jlen 42 504
    Dlen 38 456
    Plen 55 660
    Slen 46 552
    Olen 17 204
    Weight of Plen is 55/38=1.45 that of Dlen
  4. Weight of Dlen is what % more/less than weight of Jlen?
    1.9.5
    2.10.8
    3.11.1
    4.12.1
    Solution:
      Kg Euronc
    Jlen 42 504
    Dlen 38 456
    Plen 55 660
    Slen 46 552
    Olen 17 204
    Required percentage = 42 - 38 / 42 X 100 = 9.5%
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